The United States’ largest annual military exercise in Africa, African Lion 2025, has concluded after bringing together more than 10 000 troops from multiple nations—including seven NATO allies—across four host countries: Tunisia, Ghana, Senegal, and Morocco.
African Lion 2025 officially kicked off in Tunisia on 14 April, with subsequent activities rolling out in Ghana, Senegal, and Morocco in May before concluding in Morocco on 23 May. The exercise is designed to enhance interoperability, strengthen military readiness, and foster strategic partnerships through realistic, multi-domain training, according to the US military.
The exercise spans all major domains of modern warfare: land, air, maritime, space, and cyberspace. Core events included:
Field Training Exercises (FTX): Ground forces engaged in simulated combat scenarios to improve coordination and tactical proficiency.
Command Post Exercises: Staff officers practiced planning and executing joint operations in a simulated headquarters environment.
Live-Fire Demonstrations: Troops conducted live ammunition drills to test combat readiness under realistic conditions.
Airborne and Amphibious Operations: Paratroopers and naval forces executed coordinated landings and insertions to simulate rapid deployment and response.
Special Operations Forces (SOF) Training: Elite units practiced advanced tactics and interoperability with partner nations.
Humanitarian Civic Assistance: Medical, dental, and veterinary teams provided care to local populations, reinforcing the dual role of armed forces in security and community support.
Medical Readiness Engagements: Medical personnel conducted training and provided healthcare to both military and civilian communities.
Morocco served as the primary host for the largest concentration of activities, reaffirming its role as a strategic partner in regional security. The manoeuvres in Morocco involved Cameroon, Cape Verde, Djibouti, France, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, Israel, Kenya, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Portugal, Morocco, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The exercises in Tunisia involved Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Nigeria, Spain, Tunisia and the United States. In Ghana, Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia, Senegal, Togo and the United States took part while in Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire, Mauritania, the Netherlands, Senegal and the United States came together for African Lion 2025.
Observer countries included Belgium, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, India, Qatar and the Republic of the Congo.
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